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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">gpntb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Научные и технические библиотеки</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific and Technical Libraries</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1027-3689</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8601</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33186/1027-3689-2026-2-122-137</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">gpntb-1693</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-ПОИСКОВЫЕ ЯЗЫКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INFORMATION RETRIEVAL LANGUAGES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Повышение качества автоматического патентного поиска уровня техники на основе дистрибутивной семантики и библиографических данных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Increasing quality of automated patent search based on distributional semantics and bibliographic data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9503-0880</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горбунов Александр Владимирович – начальник Центра развития научного направления «Искусственный интеллект»,</p><p>Москва. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Gorbunov – Head, Center for Research on “Artificial Intelligence”,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorbunov@rupto.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3514-1340</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Генин</surname><given-names>Б. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Genin</surname><given-names>B. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генин Борис Лемелевич – канд. техн. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела проектирования информационно-поисковых систем,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris L. Genin – Cand. Sc. (Engineering), Leading Researcher, Department for Information Retrieval Systems Design, </p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">BGuenine@rupto.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1641-4518</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золкин</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolkin</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Золкин Дмитрий Сергеевич – начальник отдела проектирования информационно-поисковых систем,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Zolkin – Head, Department for Information Retrieval Systems Design, </p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">db_dept@rupto.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8322-7247</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Некрасов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekrasov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Некрасов Игорь Валерьевич – научный сотрудник отдела проектирования информационно-поисковых систем,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor V. Nekrasov – Researcher, Department for Information Retrieval Systems Design, </p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igor.nekrasov@rupto.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный институт промышленной собственности</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Institute of Industrial Property</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>122</fpage><lpage>137</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горбунов А.В., Генин Б.Л., Золкин Д.С., Некрасов И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горбунов А.В., Генин Б.Л., Золкин Д.С., Некрасов И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorbunov A.V., Genin B.L., Zolkin D.S., Nekrasov I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ntb.gpntb.ru/jour/article/view/1693">https://ntb.gpntb.ru/jour/article/view/1693</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье описан подход к повышению качества автоматического патентного поиска уровня техники, решающий проблему недостаточной эффективности существующих систем. Подход основан на автоматическом формировании терминологического вектора запроса из текста заявки с последующим его расширением квазисинонимами из дистрибутивного тезауруса, построенного на корпусе патентных документов, и обогащением библиографическими данными – кодами Международной патентной классификации (МПК). Дана математическая формализация формирования и расширения вектора запроса, описано построение дистрибутивного тезауруса патентной лексики. Предложены оригинальные показатели оценки качества поиска, учитывающие специфику патентных документов – наличие так называемых «патентных семейств», что позволяет оценивать способность системы находить релевантные изобретения, а не только совпадающие номера документов. Эксперименты на русскоязычной и англоязычной коллекциях показали повышение показателя S@20 на 10% по сравнению с базовым поиском по ключевым словам, продемонстрировано влияние учета патентных семейств на оценку успешности результатов поиска. Независимая экспертная оценка поисков в русскоязычной коллекции патентных документов подтвердила, что система находит хотя бы один релевантный документ в 96,25% случаев. Разработанные алгоритмы внедрены в поисковую платформу Роспатента. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors describe the approach to increasing quality of automated patent search and emphasize the inefficiency of existing systems. The approach is based on automated formulation of query terminological vector out from the application text with its further extension with quasisynonyms from the distributional thesaurus built on the body of patent documents, and with further enrichment with bibliographic data – IPC (international Patent Classification) codes. Mathematical formalization of acquiring and extending query vector is provided; acquisition of patent distributional thesaurus is discussed. The authors propose original indicators of retrieval quality assessment with account to patent document specific character, i. e. the so-called “patent families”, which enables to evaluate the system’s capability to find the relevant inventions beyond the corresponding numbers. The experiments with Russian and English-language collections demonstrate the S@20 indicator increase by 10% as compared to standard search by keywords. The authors conclude on the effect of inclusion of patent families on the evaluation of search results efficiency. The independent expertise of search performance in the Russian language patent collection confirmed that the system delivered at least one relevant document in 96.25% cases. The developed algorithms have been implemented into the Rospatent search platform.  </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автоматический патентный поиск</kwd><kwd>дистрибутивная семантика</kwd><kwd>квазисинонимы</kwd><kwd>патентные семейства</kwd><kwd>информационный поиск</kwd><kwd>машинное обучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>computerized patent search</kwd><kwd>distributional semantics</kwd><kwd>quasisynonym</kwd><kwd>patent family</kwd><kwd>information search</kwd><kwd>machine learning</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы благодарят доктора экономических наук О. П. Неретина и доктора педагогических наук Н. В. Лопатину за методологическую помощь,  С. В. Сапожникова – за участие в разработке инфраструктуры.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors offer their thanks to O. P. Neretin, Doctor of Economics, and N. V. Lopatina, Doctor of Pedagogy, for methodological support, and to S. V. 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