Современные зарубежные исследования информационных потребностей студентов высших учебных заведений (обзор публикаций)

Одной из актуальных задач, стоящих перед высшим образованием, являются формирование культуры информационных потребностей (ИП) будущих специалистов и обучение эффективным способам их удовлетворения. Цель статьи – характеристика предметного поля, связанного с современными исследованиями потребностей в академической информации. Был проведён обзор публикаций за 2015–2021 гг., отражённых в БД Scopus и Web of Science. Представлены характеристика документального потока, основные контексты изучения, освещены организационные и методологические аспекты исследований, выявлено влияние базы исследования на изучение иерархии ИП студентов. Названы связи понятия «академические информационные потребности» с ИП, относящимися к учебной деятельности, а также их отличия. Академические ИП обусловлены необходимостью поддерживать успеваемость, адаптироваться к академической работе и будущей карьере, преодолевать трудности, овладевать методами обучения, включаться в студенческую деятельность и академическую жизнь, проживать на кампусе или за его пределами, участвовать в международных программах и др. К внешним факторам, влияющим на формирование, выражение и удовлетворение академических информационных потребностей, отнесены окружающая среда, предметная область, в которой студент получает подготовку, выполняемые им функции и сроки сдачи заданий. К внутренним факторам – уже имеющееся образование, опыт, возраст, личностные и физические особенности, уровень мотивации. Выявлены пробелы, связанные с недостаточной изученностью специфики академических ИП студентов старшего возраста. Сформулированы предложения по формированию культуры академических ИП. 

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