The problems of cultural values lost during the World War II: The historiographical review of literature
https://doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2022-5-132-149
Abstract
During the Second World War, European countries lost a significant number of cultural values, including book collections. These losses were not the result of the usual costs of conducting military operations, but were the result of the purposeful activities of various Nazi special squads engaged in looting and destroying cultural values. The problems of plundering, destruction, rescue and preservation of cultural values are reflected in the research works by domestic and foreign authors. The author analyzes the publications on the cultural values lost during the World War II. The peculiarities of the studies during the Soviet and post-Soviet period are identified. The gap in the resource base of the Soviet era due to the lack of access to foreign sources is revealed. The debatable aspects of the p roblem a re h ighlighted. A n umber o f p ublications b y f oreign a uthors were analyzed. On this basis, the author concludes that the significant part of domestic research differs from the publications by foreign authors in conceptual approach. He argues that this is owing to diametrically opposite assessments of the WWII outcomes.
About the Author
A. M. Mazuritsky
Moscow State Linguistic University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexander M. Mazuritsky – Dr. Sc. (Pedagogy), Associate Professor, Professor, Library and Information Chair
Moscow
References
1. Mirovy`e voi`ny` KHKH v. Kniga 3: Vtoraia mirovaia voi`na. 2-e izd., ispravlennoe. Moskva, 2005. 597 s.
2. Esipov E. V. Politika germanskogo fashizma v oblasti kul`tury` v 1929–1945 gg. Moskva, 1998. 536 s.
3. Puhovskaia N. E. Formirovanie i realizatcii kul`turnoi` politiki v tret`em Rei`khe. Rostovna-Donu, 1999. 203 s.
4. Gorshenin S. G. Politika Sovetskogo gosudarstva po otnosheniiu k kul`turnoistoricheskomu naslediiu v period Velikoi` Otechestvennoi` voi`ny` i v pervy`e poslevoenny`e gody`. Moskva, 1992. 54 s.
5. Magdebura V. V. Deiatel`nost` Sovetskoi` Voennoi` Administratcii v Hermanii v oblasti kul`tury` (1945–1949 gg.): istoricheskie issledovaniia. Moskva, 2005. 155 s.
6. Antonova A. V. Mezhdunarodno-pravovy`e aspekty` problemy` peremeshchyonny`kh kul`turny`kh cennostei` v otnosheniiakh mezhdu Rossiei` i Hermaniei`. Moskva, 2002. 175 s.
7. Ivina K. V. Bibliotechno-bibliograficheskaia deiatel`nost` predstavitel`stva Komiteta po delam kul`turno-prosvetitel`ny`kh uchrezhdenii` pri Sovete narodny`kh komissarov RSFSR v Hermanii (1945–1946 gg.). Moskva, 2001. 223 s.
8. Maksakova L. V. Spasenie kul`turny`kh cennostei` v gody` Velikoi` Otechestvennoi` voi`ny`. Moskva : Nauka, 1990. 133 s.
9. Konchin E. V. Sokhranyonny`e sokrovishcha: o spasenii hudozhestvenny`kh cennostei` v gody` Velikoi` Otechestvennoi` voi`ny`. Kniga dlia uchashchikhsia starshikh classov. Moskva : Prosveshchenie, 1985. 144 s.
10. Konchin E. V. Kartiny`, opalyonny`e voi`noi`: rasskazy` o tom, kak by`li spaseny` i sokhraneny` vo vremia Velikoi` Otechestvennoi` voi`ny` muzei`ny`e istorikohudozhestvenny`e cennosti. Moskva : Leera, 2000. 351 s.
11. Semiriaga M. N. Tiuremnaia politika natcizma i eyo krakh. Moskva, 1991. 384 s.
12. Semiriaga M. N. Kak my` upravliali Hermaniei`. Moskva, 1995. 400 s.
13. Kny`shevskii` P. N. Doby`cha: tai`ny` germanskikh reparatcii`. Moskva : Soratneyk, 1994. 144 s.
14. Н. Аpel, H. Spaltung. Deutschland zwischen Vernunft und Vernichtung // West. 1996. S. 29–32.
15. Ratkin S. Tai`ny` Vtoroi` mirovoi`: fakty`, dokumenty`. Moskva, 1995. 480 s.
16. Kartoteka «Z» Operativnogo shtaba rei`khsliai`tera Rozenberga. Cennosti kul`tury` na okkupirovanny`kh territoriiakh Rossii, Ukrainy` i Belorussii 1941–1942 / pod red. N. A. Boi`tcova, T. A. Vasil`evoi`. Moskva : izd-vo Moskovskogo universiteta, 1998. 352 s.
17. Zinich M. S. Pohishchenny`e sokrovishcha: vy`voz natcistami rossii`skikh kul`turny`kh cennostei`. Moskva, 2003. 276 s.
18. Boguslavskii` M. M. Kul`turny`e cennosti v mezhdunarodnom oborote: pravovy`e aspekty`. Moskva : Iurist``, 2005. 427 s.
19. Piotrovskii` N. V. Skry`ty`e stranitcy` istorii. Moskva : KRUK-Prestizh, 2004. 268 s.
20. Grimsted P. Vozvrashchenie Soedinyonny`mi Shtatami Sovetskomu Soiuzu v 1941–1959 gg. kul`turny`kh cennostei`, pohishchenny`kh natcistami // Kul`turnaia karta Evropy`: Sud`ba peremeshchyonny`kh kul`turny`kh cennostei` v tret`em ty`siacheletii. Moskva, 2002. S. 88–99.
21. Grimsted P. Primery` razgrableniia i vozvrashcheniia chastny`kh kollektcii`: Vostok i Zapad. Bakh vozvrashchaetsia v Berlin // Trudnaia sud`ba kul`turny`kh cennostei` : materialy` mezhdunarodnoi` konferentcii «Chastnoe pravo i problemy` restitutcionny`kh peremeshchenii` kul`turny`kh cennostei`» (Moskva, 27–28 maia 2002 g.). Berlin ; Moskva, 2002. S. 200–215.
22. Kennedy Grimsted P. Bach scores in Kyiv The long-lost music of the Berlin Sing-Academy surfaces in Ukraine // Spoils of War. Magdeburg, 2000. № 7. P. 22–32.
23. Kennedy Grimsted P. Captured Archives and Restitution Problems on the Easte Kennedy Grimsted // The Spoils of War. World War II and Its Aftermath: The Loss? Reappearance, and Recovery of Cultural Property (Symposiums 1995) / ed. E. Simpson. New York, 1997. P. 244–271.
24. Kennedy Grimsted P. (Rez. über) Lynn H. Nicholas. The Rape of Europa: The Fate of Europe’s Treasures in the Third Reich and the Second World War // Amer. Hist. Rev. 1996. № 1. P. 200.
25. Zei`devitc R. Dama s gornostaem. Moskva : Progress, 1966. 253 s.
26. Kühn-Ludewig M. Bücherkrieg – Forschung und Praxis: [Rez. über:] Die Trophäenkommissionen der Roten Armee: Eine Dokumentensammlung zur Verschleppung von Büchern aus deutschen Bibliotheken / Hrsg. von K.-D. Lehmann und I. Kolasa. Frankfurt a/M.: Klostermann, 1996. 252 S.: Ill., graph. (Zeitschrift für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie; Sonderhefte 64) // Börsenblatt für den Deutschen Buchhandel. Frankfurt a/M. ; Leipzig, 1997. S. B 28 – B 37.
27. Lehmann K.-D. Begreiflich: Beutekunst darf in Rußland bleiben Kommentar // Westdeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung. 1999. 21. Juli.
28. Lehmann K.-D. Bücher als Kriegsgeise // Bibliotheksdienst. Berlin, 1996. S. 1475–1477.
29. Kolasa I. Sag mir wo die Bücher sind… Ein Beitrag zu «Beutekulturgütern» und «Trophäen Kommissionen» // Tradition und Wandel – Festschrift zu Ehren von Richard Lanedwehrmeyer / Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin, Preuβischer Kulturbesitz. Berlin, 1995. S. 109–129.
30. Kolasa I. Sag mir, wo die Bücher sind… Ein Beitrag zu «Beutekulturgütern» und «Trophäen Kommissionen» // Ztschr. für Bibliothekswesen und Bibliographie. Frankfurt a/M., 1995. № 42. S. 339–264.
31. Nicholas L. Pohishchenie Evropy`: sud`ba evropei`skikh kul`turny`kh cennostei` v gody` natcizma / perevod s anglii`skogo S. A. Chervonoi`. Moskva : Logos, 2001. 640 s.
32. Biblioteki Kieva v period natcistskoi` okkupatcii (1941–1943). Kiev, 2004. 37 s.
33. Ridel` A. Knizhny`e vory`. Kak natcisty` grabili evropei`skie biblioteki i kak literaturnoe nasledie by`lo vozvrashcheno domoi`. Moskva : RIPOL classik, 2018. 448 s.
34. Ridel` A. Marodyory`. Kak natcisty` grabili hudozhestvenny`e sokrovishcha Evropy`. Moskva : AST. 2017. 477 s.
35. Rossii`skaia gazeta. 1999. 10 avgusta.
Review
For citations:
Mazuritsky A.M. The problems of cultural values lost during the World War II: The historiographical review of literature. Scientific and Technical Libraries. 2022;(5):132-149. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2022-5-132-149
Views:
711
Email this article 