CURRENT STATE AND STRATEGIES FOR LIBRARIES
The modern open science makes an ecosystem comprising open scientific knowledge, science infrastructure, dialogue with other systems of knowledge and engaged social actors. The latter is channelized through the concept of wide social involvement in scientific research – the civil science concept. Despite the libraries are mostly oriented toward the former two components, which is due to their information functions, they are also able to build themselves in the ecosystem through collaboration with civil science project. However, such projects have not become popular, which significantly narrows down the potentialities of open science.
The purpose of the article is to analyze the possibilities for libraries; entering the open science ecosystem through supporting is to open engagement of social players in science.
The author discusses the obstacles on the way of the citizen science as a part open science ecosystem, and libraries involvement. Thus, underdevelopment of civil science in Russia may be partially due to insufficient dissemination of scientific thinking in the non-scientific spheres, the closeness of scientific community and its low interest in communicating with the wider audience. The analysis of 431 websites of Russian research institutes proves that just about 42 % of them popularize scientific activities. Besides, many research institute are not so eager to disseminate instructions for developing the sphere of open and citizen science. Consequently, the libraries cannot jump to the collaboration with citizen science. As the first step, the author suggests to contribute to popularization of science and scientific system and in particular, the open science, and within its context, of the citizen science oriented on the community and researchers.
SCIENTOMETRICS. BIBLIOMETRICS
Performance of organization’s scientific activities is assessed based on the analysis of research findings reflected in the employers’ publications. The author examines the prospects for Current Research Information Systems (CRIS).
The purpose is to analyze acquisition and structure of the research activities data for Russian universities and to reveal the trends in CRIS evolution.
The manage ment system for the universities participating in the “Priority-2030” Program is reviewed along with the results of theory scientific processes monitoring. The current problems of representing information on university’s scientific activities are defined; CRIS information components are characterized in brief, e. g. information on research projects and research areas; researcher account; information on research units; research publications. A number of positive examples of acquiring research data is provided; important aspects of pages of university’s websites comprising data on intellectual activities are discussed. The analysis of the “Priority-2030” university websites demonstrates that in spite of many difficulties of arranging information on research activities, the universities have been gradually implementing CRIS into scientific and educational processes to provide efficient data management.
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF LIBRARIES
Using Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology in libraries has become the reality. Their design and implementation methods are well defined. However, lacking financial and technical resources in Russian regions prevent them from using commercial solutions in regional libraries. Based on the experience of implementing RFID-technologies in Russian libraries, experts of the Kuzbass State Library for Children and Youth (Kemerovo) accomplished preproject research and commissioned self-service workstation (with designed hardware, developed database, established interaction with OPAC-Global ALIS). The stages of designing self-service station for Kuzbass State Library for Children and Youth are characterized. The requirement to the hardware comprising www-server, sensor display, receipt printer, and 3D-scannerfor barcode, are specified. MySQL environment was chosen for designing and implementing of self-service workstation configuration. The authors present its advantages and disadvantages in library services. The corresponding use statistics for Kuzbass State Library for Children and Youth is provided. These workstations save user time, enable to computerize many processes and to improve the technology of library services on the whole.
DIGITAL INFORMATION RESOURCES
The authors speculate on the essence of electronic collection studies as the key component of library e-science. They offer and substantiate the definitions of electronic document and electronic document in library collection. The ways to acquire e-documents to the libraries are discussed. One of the goals of e-collection studies is to adapt traditional concepts for electronic documents acquired by modern libraries; to describe key processes of e-collection development and use, namely cataloguing, systematization, efficient arrangement in the library virtual space, e-document relegation from the collections, etc. The book market (including the market of audio books) transformations in the context of digitalization and corresponding provisions of e-collection studies are characterized, with the special attention given to the COVID-19 experiences. The role of e-documents within the mixed library and information infrastructure is reviewed: the need for theoretical insights into the problem is emphasized. The authors conclude that e-documents should be studied within the framework of electronic collection studies, the component of library e-science.
This article presents a detailed analysis of the Bitcoin network (Bitcoin) and its main participants, carried out by authoritative experts - Igor Makarov from the London School of Economics and Antoinette Shoart from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology - on behalf of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) - a private organization in the United States. The Bitcoin network is defined as a new database that includes a large number of public and proprietary sources for linking bitcoin addresses to real objects and an extensive set of algorithms for extracting information about the behavior of major market participants. The analysis of the Bitcoin ecosystem consisted of three main stages. First, the volume of transactions and the network structure of the main participants in the blockchain are analyzed. Secondly, the concentration and regional composition of miners who carry out verification (verification) and ensure the integrity of the blockchain registry (ledger, ledger) are documented. Thirdly, the concentration of ownership of the largest holders of bitcoins is considered.
LIBRARY EDUCATION
Today, the educational paradigm in the library and information sphere engages the concepts of “competency” and “competence”. The authors analyze the so-called soft skills that are seen as universal ones. The accent is made on the contents of the soft skills of the bachelors studying within the specialization 51. 03. 06 “Library and information activities”. According to the Higher Education Federal State Education Standards, the bachelors in the sphere of library and information activities must master the soft skills like the ability to apply system approach for efficient problem solving, to integrate with the society, to acknowledge intercultural diversity, and to follow self-development path. The authors argue that the educational processes do not meet the standard requirements yet as the curricula structure have been changing and auditorium teaching load has been decreasing. The soft skills are increasingly decisive for employers, as the employers are interested in efficient professionals and employeers able to build social communications.
DOCUMENTOLOGY. BIBLIOLOGY
The author continues to substantiate the goal set by Arkady Sokolov to conceptualize the document entity.
As the initial point, he took Sokolov’s definition of documentosophy as the segment of sociocultural space to build, transfer, preserve and user meaningful communication messages referred to as documents. Sokolov also refers to the sphere of sociocultural production where the documents emerge, circulate and are preserved, as the documentosphere. The author argues that the adequate definition of the document is possible in its dialectic object-subject perception according to the international definition: the document is an object or recorded information provided that in the given documentation process (rather than generally!) it can be considered (by a subject) as a discrete whole. This results in the need to specify restrictions and to formulate narrower definition of the document specifically for each individual documentation process. The fundamental provision of relativity, conformity and conventionality of the concept “document” is explained; the author criticizes the mediaology claiming to replace documentive concepts with medialogical structures. In fact, the subject of documentology coincides with that of mediaology. However, firstly, each science has its own term, and, secondly, these are just their approaches that differ, i. e. the ontological approach is applied in documentology, and the communicative one in mediaology. The mediaology has been diligently though unreasonably avoiding the concepts of “document” and “information”. Thirdly, as opposed to documentology, the mediaology has been still unable to propose any brand-new and valuable insight into the document phenomenon.
The changes and amendments to the general document classification as a theoretical problem of document studies and documentology, are discussed.
The document in the meaning “recorded information” is the subject of classification.
The author examines the faceted-block classification of document based on various characteristics united into six clusters: “Types of documents physical carrier”, “Types of documents by document acquisition circumstances”, “Types of documents by information representational and transfer tools (by signative component)”, “Types of documents by information reception (perceptive component)”, “Types of documents by their environmental circumstances”. The document classification within each facet is independent which enables to characterize any document in various parameters. The changes and amendments are made to the general document classification based on increasing number and weight of electronic documents including digital versions of originally non-digital documents. The refined general classification is to facilitate special classification in particular types (classes, groups) of documents. The general document classification is applicable to various scientific disciplines within documentology, and to teaching documentological disciplines.
MEMORABLE DATES. ANNIVERSARIES
LIBRARIANSHIP. LIBRARY STUDIES
To assess the socio-cultural, scientific and pedagogical novelty and significance of the annual reports of the international forum “Crimea”, read by Ya. L. Shraiberg in 2001–2021, the key words are used – the neologisms “bibliometamorphosis” and “Bibliologos”. Metamorphoses (transformations, transformations) embody the universal variability of the world, and at the same time its stability, since the transforming object does not disappear without a trace, but is transformed into a related entity. Therefore, a book or a library in today's changing world should remain a book and a library, despite external modernization, digitalization and globalization. Bibliometamorphic institutions are religion, ideology, science, art, education, which perform social information and communication functions through book communication (written texts). The bibliologos (literally, “book mind”) performs in a civilized society the function of a productive force that ensures the creation, preservation, and use of the bibliosphere. The bookish mind is realized in two ways: first, the animate Bibliologos in the form of social groups of subjects of the bibliosphere; secondly, the materialized Bibliologos in the form of scientific, educational, normative and administrative texts of intellectuals-scribes devoted to the bookish mind and culture. The animate Bibliologos is the collective mind of library, bibliographic and book professionals (practitioners, scientists, educators), government and commercial figures, bibliophiles, printing engineers, readers' asset directly involved in the production, transformation, preservation and distribution of written and printed works. The technical, political, humanistic metamorphoses of the Logos of modern Russia are considered in detail. The key role of libraries in the socio-cultural metamorphoses of the post-industrial society is shown. The article concludes with a call for continued regular review of library and information science and practice.
ISSN 2686-8601 (Online)